Knowledge of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Primigravida Mothers: A Descriptive Study

Abstract

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is an essential intervention to reduce infant morbidity and mortality, yet its coverage in Indonesia remains suboptimal. Maternal knowledge, particularly among primigravida women, is a fundamental factor influencing successful breastfeeding practices.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the knowledge level of primigravida mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding.

Methods: A quantitative descriptive design was applied in September 2025 at a public health center. A total of 100 primigravida mothers were recruited using consecutive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a validated and reliable knowledge questionnaire on exclusive breastfeeding. Univariate analysis was performed using frequency distribution and percentage.

Results: Most respondents had good knowledge (52%), while 38% had moderate knowledge and 10% had poor knowledge. Educational level and occupation were associated with knowledge variations, where higher education and employment were linked to better knowledge. Age also influenced knowledge, with the 20–30 years age group dominating the good knowledge category. Participation in antenatal classes showed a positive association with higher knowledge levels.

 Conclusion: Primigravida mothers’ knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding was generally good, although a proportion still had moderate and poor knowledge. Strengthening antenatal education, particularly for young and less-educated primigravida mothers, is recommended, along with practical simulations to enhance understanding. Future studies should examine the relationship between knowledge and actual breastfeeding practices.